diff --git a/crates/ml/src/cuda_pipeline/experience_kernels.cu b/crates/ml/src/cuda_pipeline/experience_kernels.cu
index fc51b58a9..e4763d5c0 100644
--- a/crates/ml/src/cuda_pipeline/experience_kernels.cu
+++ b/crates/ml/src/cuda_pipeline/experience_kernels.cu
@@ -260,7 +260,8 @@ extern "C" __global__ void experience_state_gather(
 
             /* Return over N bars */
             float ret = (close_past > 0.0f) ? (close_now - close_past) / close_past : 0.0f;
-            out[slot + 0] = ret * 100.0f; /* scale to percentage */
+            float scaled_ret = ret * 100.0f;
+            out[slot + 0] = fmaxf(-10.0f, fminf(10.0f, scaled_ret)); /* clamp ±10% */
 
             /* Volatility: scan high/low over window (approx from close changes) */
             float max_val = close_now;
@@ -278,12 +279,14 @@ extern "C" __global__ void experience_state_gather(
                 }
             }
             float range = (close_now > 0.0f) ? (max_val - min_val) / close_now : 0.0f;
-            out[slot + 1] = range * 100.0f; /* volatility as percentage */
+            float scaled_range = range * 100.0f;
+            out[slot + 1] = fmaxf(0.0f, fminf(10.0f, scaled_range)); /* clamp 0-10% */
 
             /* Volume trend: current vs average */
             float avg_vol = (vol_count > 0) ? vol_sum / (float)vol_count : 1.0f;
             float cur_vol = (market_dim > 4) ? now_row[4] : 1.0f;
-            out[slot + 2] = (avg_vol > 0.0f) ? cur_vol / avg_vol : 1.0f;
+            float vol_ratio = (avg_vol > 0.0f) ? cur_vol / avg_vol : 1.0f;
+            out[slot + 2] = fmaxf(0.0f, fminf(5.0f, vol_ratio)); /* clamp 0-5x */
 
             /* Momentum: position within range [0=bottom, 1=top] */
             float range_size = max_val - min_val;
@@ -646,6 +649,9 @@ extern "C" __global__ void experience_env_step(
                                  : 0.0f;
 
             /* ── Enhanced Kelly: weighted blend ── */
+            /* NaN guard: if either Kelly produces NaN/Inf, use 0.0 (safe default) */
+            if (isnan(continuous_kelly) || isinf(continuous_kelly)) continuous_kelly = 0.0f;
+            if (isnan(discrete_kelly) || isinf(discrete_kelly)) discrete_kelly = 0.0f;
             float enhanced_kelly = 0.7f * continuous_kelly + 0.3f * discrete_kelly;
 
             /* ── Confidence scaling: penalize small samples ── */
@@ -662,6 +668,12 @@ extern "C" __global__ void experience_env_step(
             target_position *= kelly_frac / 0.25f;
         }
         /* < 20 trades: no Kelly applied (full position until we have statistics) */
+
+    /* Final NaN/Inf guard on target_position after ALL scaling.
+     * If any scaling (CVaR, conviction, Kelly) produced NaN, zero the position. */
+    if (isnan(target_position) || isinf(target_position)) {
+        target_position = 0.0f;
+    }
     }
 
     /* ---- Position adjustment with volatility-scaled transaction cost ---- */
@@ -1056,6 +1068,9 @@ extern "C" __global__ void experience_env_step(
      * v_range should be dynamically computed from gamma. */
 
     /* ---- Write reward and done flag ---- */
+    /* Final NaN guard — if reward is NaN/Inf, write 0.0 instead of poisoning
+     * the replay buffer. This prevents gradient explosion from propagating. */
+    if (isnan(reward) || isinf(reward)) reward = 0.0f;
     out_rewards[out_off] = reward;
     out_dones[out_off]   = (float)done;