//! Transition Probability Features Tests (Indices 216-220)
//!
//! TDD tests for 5 transition probability features:
//! - Feature 216: Stability P(i→i)
//! - Feature 217: Most likely next regime (index)
//! - Feature 218: Shannon entropy H = -Σ P(i→j) log₂ P(i→j)
//! - Feature 219: Expected duration (REUSE existing method!)
//! - Feature 220: Change probability (1 - stability)
//!
//! **SUCCESS CRITERIA**:
//! - All 5 features calculated correctly
//! - expected_duration() reused from existing TransitionMatrix
//! - Shannon entropy computed with numerical stability
//! - Most likely regime correctly identified

use ml::ensemble::MarketRegime;
use ml::regime::transition_probability_features::TransitionProbabilityFeatures;

#[test]
fn test_initialization() {
    let regimes = vec![
        MarketRegime::Normal,
        MarketRegime::Bull,
        MarketRegime::Bear,
        MarketRegime::Sideways,
        MarketRegime::HighVolatility,
        MarketRegime::Crisis,
        MarketRegime::Unknown,
    ];

    let features = TransitionProbabilityFeatures::new(regimes, 0.1, 10);

    // Initially at Unknown regime (last in list)
    let result = features.current_regime();
    assert_eq!(result, MarketRegime::Unknown);
}

#[test]
fn test_stability_feature_216() {
    let regimes = vec![MarketRegime::Bull, MarketRegime::Bear];

    let mut features = TransitionProbabilityFeatures::new(regimes, 0.2, 1);

    // Make Bull regime persistent: Bull -> Bull
    for _ in 0..10 {
        features.update(MarketRegime::Bull);
    }

    let result = features.compute_features();

    // Feature 216: Stability should be high (>0.7)
    assert!(
        result[0] > 0.7,
        "Stability should be high, got {}",
        result[0]
    );
    assert!(
        result[0] <= 1.0,
        "Stability should be ≤1.0, got {}",
        result[0]
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_most_likely_next_regime_feature_217() {
    let regimes = vec![
        MarketRegime::Bull,
        MarketRegime::Bear,
        MarketRegime::Sideways,
    ];

    let mut features = TransitionProbabilityFeatures::new(regimes, 0.3, 1);

    // Pattern: Bull -> Bear repeatedly
    features.update(MarketRegime::Bull);
    for _ in 0..15 {
        features.update(MarketRegime::Bear);
        features.update(MarketRegime::Bull);
    }
    features.update(MarketRegime::Bear);

    let result = features.compute_features();

    // Feature 217: Most likely next regime index
    // From Bear, most likely to go to Bull (index 0)
    let most_likely_idx = result[1] as usize;
    assert!(
        most_likely_idx <= 2,
        "Index should be 0-2, got {}",
        most_likely_idx
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_shannon_entropy_feature_218() {
    let regimes = vec![MarketRegime::Bull, MarketRegime::Bear];

    let mut features = TransitionProbabilityFeatures::new(regimes, 0.2, 1);

    // Uniform transitions (50/50) -> maximum entropy
    for _ in 0..20 {
        features.update(MarketRegime::Bull);
        features.update(MarketRegime::Bear);
    }

    let result = features.compute_features();

    // Feature 218: Shannon entropy
    // Max entropy for 2 states = log₂(2) = 1.0
    let entropy = result[2];
    assert!(entropy > 0.0, "Entropy should be positive, got {}", entropy);
    assert!(
        entropy <= 1.0,
        "Entropy should be ≤1.0 for 2 states, got {}",
        entropy
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_entropy_zero_for_deterministic_transition() {
    let regimes = vec![MarketRegime::Sideways, MarketRegime::HighVolatility];

    let mut features = TransitionProbabilityFeatures::new(regimes, 0.3, 1);

    // Deterministic: Sideways -> Sideways (100%)
    for _ in 0..30 {
        features.update(MarketRegime::Sideways);
    }

    let result = features.compute_features();

    // Feature 218: Entropy should approach 0 (low uncertainty)
    let entropy = result[2];
    assert!(
        entropy < 0.3,
        "Entropy should be low for deterministic transition, got {}",
        entropy
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_expected_duration_feature_219() {
    let regimes = vec![MarketRegime::Bull, MarketRegime::Bear];

    let mut features = TransitionProbabilityFeatures::new(regimes, 0.2, 1);

    // Make Bull persistent: P(Bull->Bull) ≈ 0.9
    for _ in 0..20 {
        features.update(MarketRegime::Bull);
        features.update(MarketRegime::Bull);
        features.update(MarketRegime::Bear);
    }
    features.update(MarketRegime::Bull);

    let result = features.compute_features();

    // Feature 219: Expected duration
    let duration = result[3];
    assert!(
        duration > 1.0,
        "Expected duration should be >1, got {}",
        duration
    );
    assert!(
        duration < 100.0,
        "Expected duration should be reasonable, got {}",
        duration
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_change_probability_feature_220() {
    let regimes = vec![MarketRegime::HighVolatility, MarketRegime::Sideways];

    let mut features = TransitionProbabilityFeatures::new(regimes, 0.3, 1);

    // Volatile regime transitions frequently
    for _ in 0..10 {
        features.update(MarketRegime::HighVolatility);
        features.update(MarketRegime::Sideways);
    }

    let result = features.compute_features();

    // Feature 220: Change probability = 1 - stability
    let stability = result[0];
    let change_prob = result[4];

    let expected_change_prob = 1.0 - stability;
    assert!(
        (change_prob - expected_change_prob).abs() < 1e-6,
        "Change prob should be 1 - stability, got {} vs expected {}",
        change_prob,
        expected_change_prob
    );

    // For frequent transitions, change probability should be high
    assert!(
        change_prob > 0.3,
        "Change probability should be high, got {}",
        change_prob
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_all_five_features_together() {
    let regimes = vec![
        MarketRegime::Bull,
        MarketRegime::Bear,
        MarketRegime::Sideways,
        MarketRegime::HighVolatility,
    ];

    let mut features = TransitionProbabilityFeatures::new(regimes, 0.15, 1);

    // Realistic regime sequence
    let sequence = vec![
        MarketRegime::Sideways,
        MarketRegime::Sideways,
        MarketRegime::Bull,
        MarketRegime::Bull,
        MarketRegime::Bull,
        MarketRegime::HighVolatility,
        MarketRegime::Bear,
        MarketRegime::Bear,
        MarketRegime::Sideways,
    ];

    for regime in sequence {
        features.update(regime);
    }

    let result = features.compute_features();

    // Verify all 5 features are computed
    assert_eq!(result.len(), 5, "Should return exactly 5 features");

    // Feature 216: Stability
    assert!(
        result[0] >= 0.0 && result[0] <= 1.0,
        "Stability should be in [0,1], got {}",
        result[0]
    );

    // Feature 217: Most likely next regime index
    assert!(
        (result[1] as usize) < 4,
        "Most likely index should be 0-3, got {}",
        result[1]
    );

    // Feature 218: Entropy
    assert!(
        result[2] >= 0.0,
        "Entropy should be non-negative, got {}",
        result[2]
    );

    // Feature 219: Expected duration
    assert!(
        result[3] >= 1.0,
        "Expected duration should be ≥1, got {}",
        result[3]
    );

    // Feature 220: Change probability
    assert!(
        result[4] >= 0.0 && result[4] <= 1.0,
        "Change probability should be in [0,1], got {}",
        result[4]
    );

    // Verify complementary relationship
    let stability = result[0];
    let change_prob = result[4];
    assert!(
        (stability + change_prob - 1.0).abs() < 1e-6,
        "Stability + change_prob should = 1.0, got {} + {} = {}",
        stability,
        change_prob,
        stability + change_prob
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_regime_transition_updates_matrix() {
    let regimes = vec![MarketRegime::Bull, MarketRegime::Bear];

    let mut features = TransitionProbabilityFeatures::new(regimes, 0.2, 1);

    // Transition: Bull -> Bear
    features.update(MarketRegime::Bull);
    features.update(MarketRegime::Bear);

    // Current regime should be updated
    assert_eq!(features.current_regime(), MarketRegime::Bear);

    // Matrix should track this transition
    let result = features.compute_features();
    assert!(
        result[0] >= 0.0,
        "Features should be computed after transitions"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_same_regime_no_transition() {
    let regimes = vec![MarketRegime::Sideways];

    let mut features = TransitionProbabilityFeatures::new(regimes, 0.2, 1);

    // Stay in same regime
    for _ in 0..10 {
        features.update(MarketRegime::Sideways);
    }

    let result = features.compute_features();

    // Feature 216: Stability should approach 1.0 (always stays)
    assert!(
        result[0] > 0.8,
        "Stability should be very high, got {}",
        result[0]
    );

    // Feature 220: Change probability should approach 0.0
    assert!(
        result[4] < 0.2,
        "Change probability should be low, got {}",
        result[4]
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_entropy_with_three_regimes() {
    let regimes = vec![
        MarketRegime::Bull,
        MarketRegime::Bear,
        MarketRegime::Sideways,
    ];

    let mut features = TransitionProbabilityFeatures::new(regimes, 0.2, 1);

    // Equal probability transitions from Bull
    features.update(MarketRegime::Bull);
    for _ in 0..30 {
        features.update(MarketRegime::Bull);
        features.update(MarketRegime::Bear);
        features.update(MarketRegime::Bull);
        features.update(MarketRegime::Sideways);
    }
    features.update(MarketRegime::Bull);

    let result = features.compute_features();

    // Feature 218: Entropy should be high (multiple options)
    // Max entropy for 3 states = log₂(3) ≈ 1.585
    let entropy = result[2];
    assert!(
        entropy > 0.5,
        "Entropy should be high for multiple options, got {}",
        entropy
    );
    assert!(
        entropy <= 1.585,
        "Entropy should be ≤log₂(3), got {}",
        entropy
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_numerical_stability_near_zero_probabilities() {
    let regimes = vec![
        MarketRegime::Bull,
        MarketRegime::Bear,
        MarketRegime::Sideways,
        MarketRegime::HighVolatility,
    ];

    let mut features = TransitionProbabilityFeatures::new(regimes, 0.1, 1);

    // Only transitions between Bull and Bear (others have near-zero probability)
    for _ in 0..50 {
        features.update(MarketRegime::Bull);
        features.update(MarketRegime::Bear);
    }
    features.update(MarketRegime::Bull);

    let result = features.compute_features();

    // Feature 218: Entropy should not be NaN or Inf
    let entropy = result[2];
    assert!(
        entropy.is_finite(),
        "Entropy should be finite, got {}",
        entropy
    );
    assert!(
        entropy >= 0.0,
        "Entropy should be non-negative, got {}",
        entropy
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_most_likely_regime_changes_over_time() {
    let regimes = vec![MarketRegime::Bull, MarketRegime::Bear];

    let mut features = TransitionProbabilityFeatures::new(regimes, 0.3, 1);

    // First pattern: Bull -> Bear
    features.update(MarketRegime::Bull);
    for _ in 0..10 {
        features.update(MarketRegime::Bear);
        features.update(MarketRegime::Bull);
    }
    features.update(MarketRegime::Bear);

    let result1 = features.compute_features();
    let most_likely_1 = result1[1] as usize;

    // Now switch pattern: Bear -> Bear (persistence)
    for _ in 0..20 {
        features.update(MarketRegime::Bear);
    }

    let result2 = features.compute_features();
    let most_likely_2 = result2[1] as usize;

    // Most likely regime should adapt to new pattern
    assert!(
        result2[0] > result1[0],
        "Stability should increase with persistence"
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_expected_duration_matches_transition_matrix() {
    let regimes = vec![MarketRegime::Sideways, MarketRegime::HighVolatility];

    let mut features = TransitionProbabilityFeatures::new(regimes, 0.2, 1);

    // Make Sideways persistent
    for _ in 0..20 {
        features.update(MarketRegime::Sideways);
        features.update(MarketRegime::Sideways);
        features.update(MarketRegime::HighVolatility);
    }
    features.update(MarketRegime::Sideways);

    let result = features.compute_features();
    let feature_duration = result[3];

    // Verify duration matches the formula: 1 / (1 - stability)
    let stability = result[0];
    let expected_duration = 1.0 / (1.0 - stability).max(0.001);

    assert!(
        (feature_duration - expected_duration).abs() < 0.1,
        "Feature duration {} should match calculated duration {}",
        feature_duration,
        expected_duration
    );
}

#[test]
fn test_feature_216_220_complementary() {
    let regimes = vec![
        MarketRegime::Bull,
        MarketRegime::Bear,
        MarketRegime::Sideways,
    ];

    let mut features = TransitionProbabilityFeatures::new(regimes, 0.2, 1);

    // Various transitions
    let transitions = vec![
        MarketRegime::Bull,
        MarketRegime::Bull,
        MarketRegime::Bear,
        MarketRegime::Sideways,
        MarketRegime::Sideways,
        MarketRegime::Bull,
    ];

    for regime in transitions {
        features.update(regime);
    }

    let result = features.compute_features();

    // Feature 216 and 220 should be complementary
    let stability = result[0];
    let change_prob = result[4];

    assert!(
        (stability + change_prob - 1.0).abs() < 1e-10,
        "Stability + change probability must equal 1.0, got {} + {} = {}",
        stability,
        change_prob,
        stability + change_prob
    );
}