feat(b3b): PIT universe_asof + month-end rebalance-date domain (survivorship-free)

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.8 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

src/fxhnt/domain/equity_backtest.py

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+"""Pure walk-forward equity-factor backtest domain: point-in-time universe
+reconstruction and rebalance-date math. No I/O, no live network."""
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+import datetime as dt
+
+_SECONDS_PER_DAY = 86_400
+
+
+def _epoch_day(iso_date: str) -> int:
+    """ISO 'YYYY-MM-DD' -> epoch-day (matches DuckDbFeatureStore.read_panel keys)."""
+    d = dt.date.fromisoformat(iso_date)
+    return (d - dt.date(1970, 1, 1)).days
+
+
+def universe_asof(
+    members: list[tuple[str, str, str, str]],
+    dollar_vol: dict[str, float],
+    asof: str,
+    n: int,
+) -> list[str]:
+    """Point-in-time top-N universe at `asof` (ISO date).
+
+    A name is eligible iff it was listed at `asof` (start_date <= asof <= end_date)
+    AND has strictly positive trailing dollar-volume. Eligible names are ranked by
+    `dollar_vol` descending; the top `n` symbols are returned. Including names that
+    were alive at `asof` but later delisted is what makes this survivorship-free.
+    """
+    eligible = [
+        sym
+        for (sym, _exch, start, end) in members
+        if start <= asof <= end and dollar_vol.get(sym, 0.0) > 0.0
+    ]
+    eligible.sort(key=lambda s: dollar_vol[s], reverse=True)
+    return eligible[:n]
+
+
+def month_end_rebalance_dates(dates: list[str]) -> list[str]:
+    """Given ascending ISO trading dates, return the last available trading date
+    within each calendar (year, month) — the monthly rebalance schedule."""
+    last_by_month: dict[tuple[int, int], str] = {}
+    for d in dates:
+        y, m, _ = d.split("-")
+        last_by_month[(int(y), int(m))] = d
+    return [last_by_month[k] for k in sorted(last_by_month)]

tests/unit/test_equity_backtest_domain.py

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+from fxhnt.domain.equity_backtest import (
+    universe_asof,
+    month_end_rebalance_dates,
+    _epoch_day,
+)
+
+MEMBERS = [
+    ("LIVE", "NASDAQ", "2000-01-01", "2026-06-01"),
+    ("DEAD", "NYSE", "1998-01-01", "2005-03-15"),
+    ("IPO", "NASDAQ", "2010-06-01", "2026-06-01"),
+]
+
+
+def test_universe_asof_excludes_not_yet_listed_and_delisted():
+    dollar_vol = {"LIVE": 1e9, "DEAD": 1e9, "IPO": 1e9}
+    assert universe_asof(MEMBERS, dollar_vol, "2008-01-01", n=10) == ["LIVE"]
+
+
+def test_universe_asof_includes_delisted_while_alive():
+    dollar_vol = {"LIVE": 2e9, "DEAD": 1e9}
+    assert universe_asof(MEMBERS, dollar_vol, "2003-01-01", n=10) == ["LIVE", "DEAD"]
+
+
+def test_universe_asof_ranks_by_dollar_volume_desc_and_takes_top_n():
+    members = [(s, "NYSE", "2000-01-01", "2026-06-01") for s in ("A", "B", "C")]
+    dollar_vol = {"A": 10.0, "B": 30.0, "C": 20.0}
+    assert universe_asof(members, dollar_vol, "2020-01-01", n=2) == ["B", "C"]
+
+
+def test_universe_asof_drops_zero_or_missing_dollar_volume():
+    members = [(s, "NYSE", "2000-01-01", "2026-06-01") for s in ("A", "B")]
+    assert universe_asof(members, {"A": 5.0, "B": 0.0}, "2020-01-01", n=10) == ["A"]
+
+
+def test_month_end_rebalance_dates_one_per_month():
+    dates = ["2020-01-02", "2020-01-31", "2020-02-03", "2020-02-27", "2020-03-02"]
+    assert month_end_rebalance_dates(dates) == ["2020-01-31", "2020-02-27", "2020-03-02"]
+
+
+def test_epoch_day_roundtrip():
+    assert _epoch_day("1970-01-01") == 0
+    assert _epoch_day("1970-01-02") == 1